Industrial packaging knowledge base

50 Industrial Packaging Questions Answered

Concise procurement and engineering answers. Project-specific compatibility, compliance and certification still require evaluation of the actual packaging system.

9 questions

HDPE packaging

What is HDPE packaging?

HDPE packaging uses high-density polyethylene, a rigid thermoplastic commonly blow moulded into bottles, jerricans and drums.

Why is HDPE used for industrial liquids?

HDPE combines low mass, impact resistance, moulding flexibility and compatibility with many—though not all—industrial formulations.

Is HDPE compatible with every chemical?

No. Compatibility depends on the complete formulation, concentration, temperature, storage duration, stress and closure system.

What is the difference between nominal and brimful capacity?

Nominal capacity is the intended filling reference; brimful capacity is the maximum internal volume to the top and is not a recommended fill level.

Can HDPE containers be coloured?

Natural, white and project-specific colours may be possible depending on the model, order quantity, resin and application requirements.

How should an HDPE container be tested?

Use the actual formulation, intended closure and representative storage, filling and transport conditions before commercial approval.

What dimensions matter when selecting a bottle?

Capacity, footprint, height, neck finish, label panel, case pack and filling-line clearances should be reviewed together.

Can recycled resin be used?

Recycled-content feasibility is project-specific and depends on product contact, performance, colour, regulation and supply requirements.

Are US customary sizes maintained separately?

No. Metric values are the maintained source and US fluid ounces, gallons and inches are calculated references.

8 questions

EVOH COEX packaging

What is EVOH COEX packaging?

It is a multilayer coextruded structure that places an EVOH barrier layer between supporting polymer layers.

What does EVOH help protect against?

EVOH is primarily valued for oxygen barrier and can help reduce permeation in a correctly engineered multilayer structure.

Is EVOH the product-contact layer?

Not necessarily. Layer arrangement is engineered for the product, process and intended performance.

Is every mould available in COEX?

No. Machine route, mould, layer distribution, geometry and order volume must be evaluated model by model.

Can EVOH improve chemical packaging?

It may improve barrier performance for selected formulations, but compatibility and permeation testing remain necessary.

Does EVOH guarantee longer shelf life?

No. Shelf life depends on the complete pack, formulation, closure, storage and validated test results.

What project data is needed for COEX evaluation?

Provide formulation information, target fill, storage period, temperature, barrier objective, closure and annual demand.

Can an EVOH structure be recycled?

Recyclability depends on the total structure, layer percentages, collection system and local recycling rules.

8 questions

Chemical packaging

How is a chemical container selected?

Start with formulation, concentration, density, viscosity and transport classification, then assess material, closure, fill level and distribution.

Why is the closure part of chemical compatibility?

The cap, liner, seal and thread system contact vapour or liquid and can respond differently from the container body.

What causes environmental stress cracking?

Certain chemicals, residual moulding stress, load and temperature can combine to initiate cracking in susceptible packs.

Should solvent-based products use standard HDPE?

They require formulation-specific compatibility and permeation review; standard HDPE should not be assumed suitable.

How does density affect packaging?

Density changes filled mass, handling loads, stacking and Flexitank capacity calculations.

Why test on the filling line?

Filling speed, foaming, venting, capping torque and equipment clearances can reveal issues not visible in dimensional data.

What label information is needed?

Confirm label height and width, surface geometry, material, adhesive, decoration process and regulatory content area.

Can a supplier guarantee universal chemical compatibility?

No responsible supplier can guarantee suitability without the formulation and representative validation conditions.

7 questions

Food-contact packaging

What is food-contact compliance?

It is evidence that the selected material and article meet applicable requirements for an intended food-contact use.

Is food grade a universal certification?

No. Requirements differ by material, intended food, contact time, temperature and destination market.

Does a compliant resin make every finished container compliant?

Not automatically. Additives, colour, processing, traceability and finished-article requirements also matter.

What documents may be requested?

Projects may require declarations of compliance, resin documentation, migration evidence or customer-specific records.

Can hot-filled food use standard containers?

Hot-fill suitability requires evaluation of temperature, deformation, closure, headspace and cooling conditions.

How are food Flexitank projects reviewed?

The cargo, material structure, valve, sanitation, loading temperature, route and destination requirements are assessed together.

Can the same pack be used for chemicals and food?

A manufacturing and traceability programme must be assessed; prior chemical use or uncontrolled cross-contact is unacceptable for food applications.

7 questions

UN packaging

What does UN packaging certification cover?

It covers a defined packaging design type tested to prescribed requirements for specified dangerous-goods use.

Is a UN mark transferable to any closure?

No. The approved design includes the closure and assembly conditions used for certification.

Does an existing mould already have UN approval?

Not unless a current certificate and matching approved configuration are confirmed for that exact design.

What is needed before a UN test programme?

Define product classification, density, packaging group where applicable, capacity, closure, outer pack, route and market.

Who pays for UN testing?

Laboratory, documentation and certification costs are normally project-specific and quoted separately.

Can certification requirements differ by market?

Yes. Transport mode, authority, certificate recognition and customer requirements can affect scope.

Does certification replace compatibility testing?

No. Regulatory performance testing and chemical compatibility address different risks and both may be necessary.

6 questions

Flexitank solutions

What is a Flexitank?

A Flexitank is a flexible liner system installed in a suitable dry freight container for compatible non-hazardous bulk liquids.

What capacities are available?

Typical project capacities span approximately 16,000 to 24,000 L, subject to cargo mass, density, container and route limits.

Can Flexitanks carry dangerous goods?

The Essencia solutions presented here are not dangerous-goods packaging and must not be used for regulated hazardous cargo.

What cargo data is required?

Provide SDS, density, viscosity, loading temperature, planned volume and mass, origin, destination and transport mode.

What valve options are available?

Top or bottom loading and discharge arrangements may be evaluated with valve and accessory options for the selected system.

Why can usable capacity be below 24,000 L?

Cargo density, maximum mass, thermal behaviour, route and approved Flexitank operating range can reduce usable volume.

5 questions

OEM mould development

When is a new packaging mould needed?

New tooling is considered when existing models cannot meet confirmed functional, dimensional, branding or process requirements.

What can start an OEM project?

A dimensioned drawing, physical sample, 3D file or detailed functional brief can be used for initial evaluation.

Who pays for custom tooling?

Custom mould investment normally requires prepaid tooling fees, with any return arrangement defined in the commercial agreement.

What happens before mass production?

Engineering review, mould manufacture, sample approval, filling or compatibility checks and final specification release occur first.

Does a custom mould include certification?

No. Certification and testing are separately scoped against the finished pack, product, destination and standard.